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World Bank data - Atlas Method

GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The World Bank Atlas Method applies for the years from 1980 to 2019 and 2021 to 2022.

International Monetary Fund data

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) World Economic Outlook database (WEO_Data) is used for the year 2020.

Supplimentary sources are from the CIA World Factbook. (external link)

1600, 1700, 1820, 1870 and 1900 - GDP per capita from gapdata001 v14.xlsx which was downloaded from https://www.gapminder.org/data/documentation. (external link)

1600 data and calculations are in GDP 1600 Interp.xls which uses data from gapdata001 v14.xlsx (above) and the regional data from the file below.

Country population from the Atlas of World Population History and also
History of World GDP horizontal-file_02-2010.xlsx.

Populations of other countries, and sub-national states and islands are from the www.populstat.info. (no longer publicly available)